Are dental X-rays safe? Why they are needed and how often
Why X-rays are needed
About half of each tooth is hidden below the gum, and decay between teeth often cannot be seen by looking. X-rays show:
- Decay between teeth and under fillings
- Bone loss from gum disease
- Infection at the root tips
- The position of wisdom teeth and their relation to the nerve
- The shape and length of roots before root canal treatment or extraction
Types of dental X-ray
| Type | What it shows |
|---|---|
| Bitewing | Back teeth from above and below; decay between teeth |
| Periapical | One or two whole teeth including the root tips |
| Full-mouth (OPG) | All teeth and both jaws in one image; wisdom teeth and overall assessment |
How safe are they?
Dental X-rays involve a low level of radiation exposure. Harm is unlikely but not impossible, so dentists follow the principle of taking an X-ray only when it will change what is done. In Singapore, X-ray equipment is licensed and checked regularly.
X-rays in pregnancy
X-rays are usually avoided in pregnancy unless they are needed to diagnose or treat a problem. If they are needed, a lead apron and thyroid collar are used. Tell your dentist if you are or might be pregnant. See dental care in pregnancy.
How often?
There is no fixed schedule for everyone. People with frequent decay or gum disease may need X-rays more often than people whose teeth are stable. Your dentist decides based on your risk and symptoms. If you have recent X-rays from another clinic, bring them; this may avoid repeating them.
Cost
MOH’s fee benchmarks (before GST) are $16 to $33 for a small X-ray (periapical or bitewing) and $65 to $104 for a full-mouth OPG. CHAS subsidises up to six X-rays per calendar year, at $7.50 to $21.00 maximum per X-ray depending on card. See check-up costs.
Frequently asked questions
Why does my dentist want an X-ray when nothing hurts?
Decay between teeth, bone loss and infections at the root tip are often painless until advanced. X-rays find them early, when treatment is simpler.
Can I refuse a dental X-ray?
Yes. Your dentist will explain what they need to see and what the risk is of not having it; some treatments cannot be done safely without one.
Is an OPG X-ray safe?
An OPG uses a low dose and shows the whole mouth in one image, which is why it is the usual X-ray for wisdom teeth.
Are dental X-rays safe while breastfeeding?
Yes. Dental X-rays do not affect breast milk.
Sources
- HealthHub, Dental X-ray
- MOH, Guide to Dental Treatment Costs
Questions about your teeth?
Book a check-up. You will hear what we find, the options and the fee before anything is done.